Hatch Küttner was appointed by TenneT as a backup/second backup provider within an HVDC engineering support framework for 2 GW bipolar HVDC converter-station grid connections, including Nederwiek 2. The described scope included HVDC system studies (including harmonic studies), control and protection support, dynamic performance and factory performance testing support using RTDS, and primary plant engineering for HVDC/AC (AIS/GIS), with potential on-site support for HVDC system installation and commissioning (onshore or offshore).