Neutral
Informational - no clear directional impact
Low Impact
Minor progress or informational
On 25 April 2019, Fingrid and Svenska kraftnät released the final HVDC capacity study between Finland and Sweden, which re-evaluated two 800 MW HVDC alternatives—Kvarken (SE2–FI) and the SE3–FI "Fenno-Skan" option between Dannebo and Rauma/Lieto—to replace Fenno-Skan 1 around 2029. The study examined technical feasibility, routing, costs and socio-economic benefits, including the possibility of using the decommissioned Fenno-Skan 1 cable as a metallic return path for Fenno-Skan 2, and concluded that both alternatives were broadly feasible and beneficial, with no clear overall ranking between them.