The control system of the original Fenno-Skan link was upgraded to a fully digital MACH system. Fenno-Skan 1 was originally built as a 233-km long monopolar link using sea return for the current, but will now become a bipole.
Hitachi Energy upgraded the control system of the original Fenno‑Skan 1 HVDC link to a fully digital MACH control system. The upgrade was carried out in parallel with delivery of Fenno‑Skan 2 and modernised the operational control of the 1989 Fenno‑Skan 1 link, supporting continued reliable operation and enabling coordinated operation of the Fenno‑Skan bipole configuration with the newer link.