National Energy System Operator (NESO) published its recommended high-level network design (Beyond 2030: Celtic Sea) to connect up to 4.5 GW of floating offshore wind from The Crown Estate’s Celtic Sea Leasing Round 5 Project Development Areas, including PDA 3. The design proposed three separate connections to the onshore transmission network (one HVDC and two HVAC) and was intended to reduce developer risk by providing an assessed network design pre-tender and enabling subsequent detailed network design work with National Grid Electricity Transmission (NGET).